最近读将勋的《写给大家的西方美术史》，是一本非常好的西方美术史的入门书，最大体会是艺术不分国界，政治可能改朝换代，宗教信仰可能冲突对立，艺术的形式却是承先启后，无法中断。用一句话概括西方美术史：埃及艺术->希腊艺术->罗马艺术->早期基督教艺术->文艺复兴艺术->新古典主义->浪漫主义->写实主义->印象派->现代艺术（野兽派、立体派、抽象主义、超现实主义、波普艺术、行为艺术等）。其代表作品如下：
埃及艺术特点：有一种庄严、端正、规矩的纪律之美；埃及人在建筑、绘画、雕刻三方面建立了他们全面的美术成就。
希腊艺术&罗马艺术之间的几点特点：
1.罗马艺术传承自希腊艺术，希腊雕像倾向“理想”，而罗马雕刻追求“真实”，成为辨别两大艺术的本质关键。
2希腊，代表神话、史诗和哲学；罗马，代表政治和法制。
3.希腊空间大多为方形，结构上也以垂直和水平的柱梁为主；罗马发展出了新的建筑符号圆拱。
罗马艺术&早期基督教艺术&文艺复兴艺术之间的几点特点：
1.罗马帝国的权力拥有者信奉希腊诸神，追求权力、财富和肉体上无止境的欲求。
2.早期基督教的信仰与希腊罗马诸神的信仰正好完全相反。
3.早期基督教是穷人的信仰，是受压迫这的信仰，鄙弃肉体，强调禁欲，否定希腊诸神，相信宇宙间唯一的真神。
4.文艺复兴时期，中产阶级日益增大，有着对现世生活的热情，开始摒弃强调禁欲的思想，以理性的方式重新思考信仰，吸收希腊罗马艺术，肯定世俗繁华与感官享受，融入基督教性灵生活，追求精神升华。
新古典主义&浪漫主义&写实主义之间的几点特点：
1.新古典主义试图回到古代，试图以希腊、罗马的传统为最高美学标准，画面结构严谨，人物配合精准的解剖学比例，空间合于科学的三度深透视，架构了西方学院美术的一套准则。
2.浪漫主义发现了新古典主义的限制，没有热情的理性会徒具躯壳，流于空洞的教条形式，吸收了非洲、亚洲，甚至美洲异国风情，迷恋激情，相信激情比理性更能成为创作的动力。
3.浪漫主义修正了新古典主义的过分拘谨，打破了理性的框架，却又把人们带到感官迷乱的状态。
4.写实主义默默回到土地上，走向平凡朴实的小镇农村，叩访土地里劳苦生活的平民百姓，用最谦逊不炫耀的色彩书写土地与人的故事。
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